Convert Nanoradians to Milliradians
Convert Nanoradians (nrad) to Milliradians (mrad) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
mrad = nrad × 1.000000000e-6
About Nanoradians
A nanoradian (nrad) is one billionth of a radian (10⁻⁹ rad), the smallest angle unit in regular scientific use. LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave observatories maintain mirror tilts to sub-nanoradian stability - a 1 nrad tilt on a 4 km mirror shifts the reflected beam by 4 nm. Earth-tidal deformation deflects the local plumb line by roughly 50 nrad over a full tidal cycle, measurable with superconducting gravimeters and ring-laser gyroscopes. Synchrotron X-ray beamline mirrors are steered to single-digit nanoradians by piezo actuators. 1 nrad = 10⁻⁹ rad ≈ 0.206 µas.
About Milliradians
A milliradian (mrad) is one thousandth of a radian (10⁻³ rad ≈ 0.05730°). The MIL-dot reticle system in precision rifle scopes uses milliradians for its elegant property: at range R metres, 1 mrad subtends exactly R mm - so at 300 m, 1 mrad = 300 mm; at 1,000 m, 1 mrad = 1,000 mm = 1 m. Semiconductor laser slow-axis divergence is typically 5-15 mrad. Note: 1 mrad ≠ 1 NATO mil (which is π/3,200 rad ≈ 0.9817 mrad). 1 mrad ≈ 0.05730° ≈ 3.438′ ≈ 206.3″.
Quick Reference Table
| Nanoradians (nrad) | Milliradians (mrad) |
|---|---|
| 1 nrad | 1 × 10-6 mrad |
| 2 nrad | 2 × 10-6 mrad |
| 5 nrad | 5 × 10-6 mrad |
| 10 nrad | 1 × 10-5 mrad |
| 25 nrad | 2.5 × 10-5 mrad |
| 50 nrad | 5 × 10-5 mrad |
| 100 nrad | 1 × 10-4 mrad |