Convert Pond to Kip
Convert Pond (p) to Kip (kip) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
kip = p × 2.204622622e-6
About Pond
The pond (p), also called gram-force (gf), is the gravitational force on 1 g under standard gravity - exactly 9.80665 × 10⁻³ N. It belongs to the metric gravitational technical system that dominated continental European engineering before SI. One thousand ponds = one kilopond (kp) = kilogram-force (kgf). Laboratory balances reading in grams technically measure pond, not mass. Older Mettler and Sartorius balance specs quote spring forces in pond. Pre-SI textile tensile strength was expressed in pond/tex. 1 p = 1 gf = 9.80665 mN = 0.001 kgf.
About Kip
One kip (kilo-pound) is exactly 1,000 lbf - approximately 4,448 N. It is the primary force unit in US structural engineering: AISC and ACI 318 specify column loads, beam reactions, and connection capacities in kips and kip·ft or kip·in. 'ksi' (kips per square inch) gives steel yield strength - ASTM A36 yields at 36 ksi; A992/A572 at 50 ksi. Crane capacities, prestressed concrete jacking forces, and soil bearing limits in US geotechnical practice are all in kips. 1 kip = 1,000 lbf = 4,448.22 N = 453.59 kgf.
Quick Reference Table
| Pond (p) | Kip (kip) |
|---|---|
| 1 p | 2.205 × 10-6 kip |
| 2 p | 4.409 × 10-6 kip |
| 5 p | 1.102 × 10-5 kip |
| 10 p | 2.205 × 10-5 kip |
| 25 p | 5.512 × 10-5 kip |
| 50 p | 0.000110231 kip |
| 100 p | 0.000220462 kip |