Convert Feet of Water to Gigapascals
Convert Feet of Water (ftH₂O) to Gigapascals (GPa) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
GPa = ftH₂O × 2.989066920e-6
About Feet of Water
One foot of water column (ftH₂O) ≈ 2,989 Pa - the US customary equivalent of cmH₂O used in civil and hydraulic engineering. Municipal water supply systems are designed for 40-80 psi head ≈ 92-184 ft; fire suppression sprinkler systems require minimum 7 psi ≈ 16 ft. Well pump specifications, sump pump head ratings, irrigation mainline pressure, and drainage calculations all use feet of head. 1 ft of water = 12 in WC = 0.4335 psi ≈ 2,989 Pa.
About Gigapascals
A gigapascal (GPa) = 10⁹ Pa = 10 kbar - the extreme-pressure unit for materials science and planetary physics. Bulk moduli: fused silica 72 GPa; iron 170 GPa; diamond 442 GPa (highest known). Earth's inner core: 330-360 GPa. Jupiter's core: ~40,000-70,000 GPa. NIF laser-shocked experiments create 100-100,000 GPa to reproduce planetary interior conditions. Metallic hydrogen is predicted to form above ~500 GPa and has been tentatively observed at 400-500 GPa in diamond anvil cells. 1 GPa = 10⁹ Pa = 10 kbar.
Quick Reference Table
| Feet of Water (ftH₂O) | Gigapascals (GPa) |
|---|---|
| 1 ftH₂O | 2.989 × 10-6 GPa |
| 2 ftH₂O | 5.978 × 10-6 GPa |
| 5 ftH₂O | 1.495 × 10-5 GPa |
| 10 ftH₂O | 2.989 × 10-5 GPa |
| 25 ftH₂O | 7.473 × 10-5 GPa |
| 50 ftH₂O | 0.000149453 GPa |
| 100 ftH₂O | 0.000298907 GPa |