Convert Technical Atmospheres to Petapascals
Convert Technical Atmospheres (at) to Petapascals (PPa) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
PPa = at × 9.806650000e-11
About Technical Atmospheres
One technical atmosphere (at) = exactly 1 kgf/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa ≈ 0.968 standard atmospheres. The metric technical pressure unit used in pre-SI European and Japanese engineering for boilers, hydraulic cylinders, and compressed gas systems. A steam boiler at 10 at operates at 0.981 MPa; hydraulic presses are rated at 200-600 at. Still used parenthetically in old German and Japanese machinery manuals and standards (DIN 1301-3 legacy). Converts simply from kgf/cm²: 1 at ≡ 1 kgf/cm². 1 at = 98,066.5 Pa.
About Petapascals
A petapascal (PPa) = 10¹⁵ Pa - pressures found in stellar interiors. The Sun's centre is ~25 PPa, sustained by radiation pressure from nuclear fusion balanced against gravity. White dwarf stars: ~10⁴ PPa (electron degeneracy). Neutron stars: ~10⁹-10¹⁰ PPa, where nuclear structure fails and neutrons drip from nuclei at ~4 × 10⁸ PPa (the neutron drip line). The hadron-quark phase transition in the densest neutron star cores is estimated at 10¹⁰-10¹² PPa. No laboratory experiment can approach petapascal pressures. 1 PPa = 10¹⁵ Pa.
Quick Reference Table
| Technical Atmospheres (at) | Petapascals (PPa) |
|---|---|
| 1 at | 9.807 × 10-11 PPa |
| 2 at | 1.961 × 10-10 PPa |
| 5 at | 4.903 × 10-10 PPa |
| 10 at | 9.807 × 10-10 PPa |
| 25 at | 2.452 × 10-9 PPa |
| 50 at | 4.903 × 10-9 PPa |
| 100 at | 9.807 × 10-9 PPa |