Convert Technical Atmospheres to Pounds per Square Foot
Convert Technical Atmospheres (at) to Pounds per Square Foot (lbf/ft²) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
lbf/ft² = at × 2048.161436
About Technical Atmospheres
One technical atmosphere (at) = exactly 1 kgf/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa ≈ 0.968 standard atmospheres. The metric technical pressure unit used in pre-SI European and Japanese engineering for boilers, hydraulic cylinders, and compressed gas systems. A steam boiler at 10 at operates at 0.981 MPa; hydraulic presses are rated at 200-600 at. Still used parenthetically in old German and Japanese machinery manuals and standards (DIN 1301-3 legacy). Converts simply from kgf/cm²: 1 at ≡ 1 kgf/cm². 1 at = 98,066.5 Pa.
About Pounds per Square Foot
One pound per square foot (psf) ≈ 47.88 Pa - the standard structural engineering load unit in US practice. Building codes specify design loads in psf: residential floors 40 psf; office buildings 50-80 psf; assembly areas 100+ psf; snow loads can exceed 100 psf. Wind pressure on building facades, soil bearing capacity for shallow foundations, and lateral earth pressure in retaining walls are all in psf. The related unit ksf (1,000 psf = 47.88 kPa) covers higher-capacity soils and deep foundations. 1 psf = 47.88 Pa.
Quick Reference Table
| Technical Atmospheres (at) | Pounds per Square Foot (lbf/ft²) |
|---|---|
| 1 at | 2048.16 lbf/ft² |
| 2 at | 4096.32 lbf/ft² |
| 5 at | 10240.8 lbf/ft² |
| 10 at | 20481.6 lbf/ft² |
| 25 at | 51204 lbf/ft² |
| 50 at | 102408 lbf/ft² |
| 100 at | 204816 lbf/ft² |