Luminous Intensity Converter
Convert between all luminous intensity units instantly. Select your units from the dropdowns below and enter a value to see the conversion in real-time.
SI unit: candela (cd)
Conversion Formula
Select units to see the conversion formula.
About Luminous Intensity Units
Select units above to see detailed information about them.
Common Luminous Intensity Conversions
- 1 cd = 1 lm/sr (SI base unit definition)
- 1 HK (Hefnerkerze) = 0.920 cd (DIN 5031; German standard 1884-1942)
- 1 Vl (violle) ≈ 20.17 cd (1 cm² platinum at solidification point)
- Standard wax candle: ~1 cd; 60 W incandescent bulb: ~60 cd
- 3 mm through-hole LED: 5-500 mcd at 20 mA
- High-power LED in 5° beam: ~100 cd per watt
- Automotive low-beam headlight (beam axis): ~2-3 kcd
- Large maritime lighthouse: 1-10 Mcd
- Luminous intensity from flux: I = Φ / Ω (cd = lm / sr)