Convert Standard gravity to Milligal

Convert Standard gravity (g₀) to Milligal (mGal) instantly and accurately.

Conversion Formula

mGal = g₀ × 980665

About Standard gravity

Standard gravity (g₀) is defined as exactly 9.80665 m/s² by the 3rd CGPM (1901), chosen to approximate surface gravity at ~45.5° latitude. It is the universal reference for human g-tolerance: fighter pilots sustain up to +9 g₀ with G-suit; sustained +3 g₀ causes greyout unprotected; F1 drivers experience +5 g₀ lateral and -4 g₀ braking. Pound-force is defined as 0.45359237 kg × g₀ = 4.44822 N (exact). Rocket specific impulse in seconds = thrust / (mass flow × g₀). 1 g₀ = 9.80665 m/s² = 980.665 Gal ≈ 32.174 ft/s² ≈ 35.304 km/h/s.

About Milligal

The milligal (mGal) equals 10⁻⁵ m/s², the standard unit for geophysical gravity surveys. Bouguer gravity anomalies - reported in mGal after latitude and terrain corrections - reveal subsurface density contrasts: salt domes give +5 to +50 mGal, oceanic spreading ridges -200 to -300 mGal. Standard gravity is ≈ 980 765 mGal at sea level. The International Gravity Reference Frame 2016 is tied to absolute stations accurate to 0.01 mGal. 1 mGal = 10⁻⁵ m/s² ≈ 1.02 × 10⁻⁶ g₀.

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