Convert Foot-lamberts to Candelas per square foot

Convert Foot-lamberts (fL) to Candelas per square foot (cd/ft²) instantly and accurately.

Foot-lamberts (fL)
Candelas per square foot (cd/ft²)

Conversion Formula

cd/ft² = fL × 0.3183098862

About Foot-lamberts

The foot-lambert (fL) equals 1/(π×0.09290304) cd/m² ≈ 3.426 cd/m², the luminance of a perfect diffuse surface emitting 1 lumen per square foot. The SMPTE standard for cinema screen luminance is 14 fL (≈48 cd/m²); home projectors are rated 10-35 fL. Still standard in US cinema and theatre engineering. 1 fL = 1/(π×ft²) cd/m².

About Candelas per square foot

The candela per square foot (cd/ft²) equals 1/0.09290304 cd/m² ≈ 10.76 cd/m². Used in US lighting engineering; an illuminated office ceiling panel has luminance ~4-8 cd/ft². The ANSI ergonomic limit for computer workstation background sources is ~340 cd/ft². 1 cd/ft² = 1/0.09290304 cd/m².

Quick Reference Table

Foot-lamberts (fL)Candelas per square foot (cd/ft²)
1 fL0.31831 cd/ft²
2 fL0.63662 cd/ft²
5 fL1.59155 cd/ft²
10 fL3.1831 cd/ft²
25 fL7.95775 cd/ft²
50 fL15.9155 cd/ft²
100 fL31.831 cd/ft²

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