Convert Centesimal Minutes to Gradians
Convert Centesimal Minutes (c′) to Gradians (grad) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
grad = c′ × 0.01
About Centesimal Minutes
A centesimal minute (c′) is 1/100 of a gradian - exactly π/20,000 rad ≈ 1.5708 × 10⁻⁴ rad (= 0.9 sexagesimal arcminutes). Also designated cgon (centigon) in ISO/DIN standards. Total stations in the grad system display readings to 1 c′ or 0.1 c′; a right angle = 100 grad = 10,000 c′. A 1% slope ≈ 0.6366 grad ≈ 63.66 c′ - a simple calculation that makes the centesimal minute popular in road and railway alignment. 1 c′ = 0.9′ = 54″ = π/20,000 rad.
About Gradians
A gradian (grad), also called a gon (ISO 31/DIN), equals 1/400 of a full circle - π/200 rad = 0.9°. Its main advantage: a right angle = exactly 100 grad, simplifying complementary and supplementary angle arithmetic. Introduced during the French Revolution as part of decimal angle reform. Surveying in France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Scandinavia uses gradians; professional total stations display both degrees and gons. A 1% slope ≈ 0.6366 grad. 1 grad = 0.9° = 54′ = π/200 rad; 400 grad = 360° = one full circle.
Quick Reference Table
| Centesimal Minutes (c′) | Gradians (grad) |
|---|---|
| 1 c′ | 0.01 grad |
| 2 c′ | 0.02 grad |
| 5 c′ | 0.05 grad |
| 10 c′ | 0.1 grad |
| 25 c′ | 0.25 grad |
| 50 c′ | 0.5 grad |
| 100 c′ | 1 grad |