Convert Gradians to Centesimal Minutes
Convert Gradians (grad) to Centesimal Minutes (c′) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
c′ = grad × 100
About Gradians
A gradian (grad), also called a gon (ISO 31/DIN), equals 1/400 of a full circle - π/200 rad = 0.9°. Its main advantage: a right angle = exactly 100 grad, simplifying complementary and supplementary angle arithmetic. Introduced during the French Revolution as part of decimal angle reform. Surveying in France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Scandinavia uses gradians; professional total stations display both degrees and gons. A 1% slope ≈ 0.6366 grad. 1 grad = 0.9° = 54′ = π/200 rad; 400 grad = 360° = one full circle.
About Centesimal Minutes
A centesimal minute (c′) is 1/100 of a gradian - exactly π/20,000 rad ≈ 1.5708 × 10⁻⁴ rad (= 0.9 sexagesimal arcminutes). Also designated cgon (centigon) in ISO/DIN standards. Total stations in the grad system display readings to 1 c′ or 0.1 c′; a right angle = 100 grad = 10,000 c′. A 1% slope ≈ 0.6366 grad ≈ 63.66 c′ - a simple calculation that makes the centesimal minute popular in road and railway alignment. 1 c′ = 0.9′ = 54″ = π/20,000 rad.
Quick Reference Table
| Gradians (grad) | Centesimal Minutes (c′) |
|---|---|
| 1 grad | 100 c′ |
| 2 grad | 200 c′ |
| 5 grad | 500 c′ |
| 10 grad | 1000 c′ |
| 25 grad | 2500 c′ |
| 50 grad | 5000 c′ |
| 100 grad | 10000 c′ |