Convert Quadrants to Centesimal Seconds

Convert Quadrants (quad) to Centesimal Seconds (c″) instantly and accurately.

Conversion Formula

c″ = quad × 1000000

About Quadrants

A quadrant equals 1/4 of a full circle - π/2 rad = 90°, the right angle. Perpendicularity underpins Euclidean geometry, the Pythagorean theorem, and Cartesian coordinate systems. In AC electrical engineering, voltage and current in purely reactive circuits are exactly 90° out of phase, defining reactive power in VAr. The four quadrants of the unit circle determine the sign of sine, cosine, and tangent. GPS orbital elements encode latitude in semicircles bounded by ±1 quadrant = ±90°. 1 quadrant = 90° = 100 grad = π/2 rad = 1,600 NATO mils.

About Centesimal Seconds

A centesimal second (c″) is 1/10,000 of a gradian - exactly π/2,000,000 rad ≈ 1.5708 × 10⁻⁶ rad. In the gradian hierarchy, 1 right angle = 100 grad = 10,000 c′ = 1,000,000 c″. High-precision total stations calibrated in gons report to 0.1-1 c″, equivalent to ~0.0324 arcseconds. Used in French, Dutch, Swiss, and Scandinavian cadastral surveys. DIN 1313 designates 10 c″ = 1 milligon (mgon). 1 c″ ≈ 0.324″ sexagesimal = π/2,000,000 rad.

Quick Reference Table

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