Convert Picovolts to Attovolts
Convert Picovolts (pV) to Attovolts (aV) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
aV = pV × 1000000
About Picovolts
The picovolt (pV) equals 10⁻¹² V, the realm of precision metrology and quantum voltage standards. The Josephson voltage standard used by national metrology institutes (NIST, PTB, NPL) reproduces the volt to within 0.01 pV using Cooper-pair tunnelling arrays driven by microwave radiation. Thermocouple noise in cryogenic circuits is also measured in picovolts. 1 pV = 10⁻00b3 nV = 10³ fV.
About Attovolts
The attovolt (aV) equals 10⁻¹⁸ V, representing the tiniest detectable voltage signals in quantum electronics. SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) magnetometers in flux-locked-loop mode achieve sub-attovolt-equivalent noise floors; theoretical calculations of vacuum fluctuations in nanoscale Josephson junctions reference the attovolt range. 1 aV = 10⁻00b3 fV = 10⁻¹⁸ V.
Quick Reference Table
| Picovolts (pV) | Attovolts (aV) |
|---|---|
| 1 pV | 1000000 aV |
| 2 pV | 2000000 aV |
| 5 pV | 5000000 aV |
| 10 pV | 10000000 aV |
| 25 pV | 25000000 aV |
| 50 pV | 50000000 aV |
| 100 pV | 100000000 aV |