Convert Foot-lamberts to Picocandelas per square metre

Convert Foot-lamberts (fL) to Picocandelas per square metre (pcd/m²) instantly and accurately.

Foot-lamberts (fL)
Picocandelas per square metre (pcd/m²)

Conversion Formula

pcd/m² = fL × 3426259100000

About Foot-lamberts

The foot-lambert (fL) equals 1/(π×0.09290304) cd/m² ≈ 3.426 cd/m², the luminance of a perfect diffuse surface emitting 1 lumen per square foot. The SMPTE standard for cinema screen luminance is 14 fL (≈48 cd/m²); home projectors are rated 10-35 fL. Still standard in US cinema and theatre engineering. 1 fL = 1/(π×ft²) cd/m².

About Picocandelas per square metre

The picocandela per square metre (pcd/m²) equals 10⁻¹² cd/m². A theoretical subunit for precision photometric standards and astrophysical brightness modelling. Even the darkest measurable surfaces in calibrated laboratories have luminance many orders of magnitude above this scale. Used only in radiometric standard traceability chains. 1 pcd/m² = 10⁻¹² cd/m².

Quick Reference Table

Foot-lamberts (fL)Picocandelas per square metre (pcd/m²)
1 fL3.426 × 1012 pcd/m²
2 fL6.853 × 1012 pcd/m²
5 fL1.713 × 1013 pcd/m²
10 fL3.426 × 1013 pcd/m²
25 fL8.566 × 1013 pcd/m²
50 fL1.713 × 1014 pcd/m²
100 fL3.426 × 1014 pcd/m²

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