Convert Picocandelas per square metre to Foot-lamberts
Convert Picocandelas per square metre (pcd/m²) to Foot-lamberts (fL) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
fL = pcd/m² × 2.918635080e-13
About Picocandelas per square metre
The picocandela per square metre (pcd/m²) equals 10⁻¹² cd/m². A theoretical subunit for precision photometric standards and astrophysical brightness modelling. Even the darkest measurable surfaces in calibrated laboratories have luminance many orders of magnitude above this scale. Used only in radiometric standard traceability chains. 1 pcd/m² = 10⁻¹² cd/m².
About Foot-lamberts
The foot-lambert (fL) equals 1/(π×0.09290304) cd/m² ≈ 3.426 cd/m², the luminance of a perfect diffuse surface emitting 1 lumen per square foot. The SMPTE standard for cinema screen luminance is 14 fL (≈48 cd/m²); home projectors are rated 10-35 fL. Still standard in US cinema and theatre engineering. 1 fL = 1/(π×ft²) cd/m².
Quick Reference Table
| Picocandelas per square metre (pcd/m²) | Foot-lamberts (fL) |
|---|---|
| 1 pcd/m² | 2.919 × 10-13 fL |
| 2 pcd/m² | 5.837 × 10-13 fL |
| 5 pcd/m² | 1.459 × 10-12 fL |
| 10 pcd/m² | 2.919 × 10-12 fL |
| 25 pcd/m² | 7.297 × 10-12 fL |
| 50 pcd/m² | 1.459 × 10-11 fL |
| 100 pcd/m² | 2.919 × 10-11 fL |