Convert Violle to Picocandelas
Convert Violle (Vl) to Picocandelas (pcd) instantly and accurately.
Conversion Formula
pcd = Vl × 20170000000000
About Violle
The violle (Vl) ≈ 20.17 cd is the first photometric unit not based on a flame source, proposed by Jules Violle in 1881 and adopted by the CGS system. Defined as the luminous intensity of 1 cm² of platinum at its solidification point (1 768 °C). Used historically in French and international photometry before 1948. 1 Vl ≈ 20.17 cd.
About Picocandelas
The picocandela (pcd) equals 10⁻¹² cd. A theoretical subunit used only in precision photometric standard traceability and single-photon detector characterisation. The faintest LED indicator in standby mode (~10 µcd) is one million times brighter. Appears in calibration chain documentation. 1 pcd = 10⁻¹² cd.
Quick Reference Table
| Violle (Vl) | Picocandelas (pcd) |
|---|---|
| 1 Vl | 2.017 × 1013 pcd |
| 2 Vl | 4.034 × 1013 pcd |
| 5 Vl | 1.009 × 1014 pcd |
| 10 Vl | 2.017 × 1014 pcd |
| 25 Vl | 5.043 × 1014 pcd |
| 50 Vl | 1.009 × 1015 pcd |
| 100 Vl | 2.017 × 1015 pcd |